Machu Picchu: Plan Your Trip
Machu Picchu is an ancient Inca city located in the Andes mountain range of Peru. It was built during the Inca Empire and is considered one of the most important architectural works of this civilization. It is currently one of the most famous tourist destinations in the world and a symbol of Peruvian cultural heritage.
The citadel was made known to the world in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham.
History of the discovery of Machu Picchu
The rediscovery of Machu Picchu took place in the early 20th century, although the site was already known to some inhabitants of the region.
The first modern references indicate that Agustín Lizárraga from Cusco arrived at the site on July 14, 1902, accompanied by Gabino Sánchez, Enrique Palma, and Justo Ochoa. They even left graffiti with their names on one of the walls of the Temple of the Three Windows, evidence of their visit.
However, the discovery that made the site known to the world occurred in 1911, when American explorer Hiram Bingham arrived at the site guided by local residents.
Who discovered Machu Picchu?
The person who brought Machu Picchu to international attention was Hiram Bingham.
On July 24, 1911, Bingham arrived at the site, guided by farmer Melchor Arteaga and accompanied by a sergeant from the Peruvian civil guard. At the site, they found peasant families living there, including those of Richarte and Álvarez, who cultivated the terraces and used water from ancient Inca canals.
Following this discovery, Bingham conducted archaeological research and published studies that made the site famous worldwide.
Meaning of Machu Picchu
The name Machu Picchu comes from the Quechua language:
- Machu = old or ancient
- Picchu = mountain
Therefore, Machu Picchu means “Old Mountain.”
The name refers to the mountain
Why was Machu Picchu built?
There are various hypotheses about the function of the citadel. According to some studies, it may have been:
- A royal residence for the Inca emperor Pachacútec
- A religious and ceremonial center
- An astronomical observatory
- An administrative and agricultural center
Many researchers agree that it served several functions at the same time within the empire.
Location of Machu Picchu
It is located in southern Peru, in the department of Cusco, within the province of Urubamba.
Its approximate geographical coordinates are:
- Latitude: 13° 9′ 47” south
- Longitude: 72° 32′ 44” west
The citadel is located 2,430 meters above sea level, while the Main Square is about 2,490 meters high.
It is also part of the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu, a large natural and archaeological area that protects the cultural heritage and biodiversity of the area.
What can be found at Machu Picchu?
Among the various Inca constructions of a religious, residential, and ceremonial nature, the most important include:
- Temple of the Sun (Torreón): a circular temple that also functioned as an astronomical observatory.
- Residential neighborhood: the area where the inhabitants lived, with one- or two-story houses.
- Quarry: the place where the Incas extracted granite to build the citadel.
- Sacred Plaza: central space where several important temples are located.
- Temple of the Three Windows: famous for its three large stone windows.
- Main Temple: ceremonial site built with large stone blocks.
- Intihuatana: ceremonial stone possibly used as a sundial or astronomical instrument.
These constructions demonstrate advanced architectural, religious, and scientific knowledge.
Tour Packages to Machu Picchu
When planning your trip to Machu Picchu, one of the first things you will need to consider is which tour package to choose. We are specialist tour operators offering packages ranging from simple day trips to multi-day treks, so it is important to choose one that suits your interests and budget. Some of the most popular tour packages include the Inca Trail, Salkantay Trek, Lares Trek, Ausangate Trek, Inca Jungle, and Choquequirao Trek. Day trips such as the Machu Picchu day tour and Machu Picchu evening tour are also available.
Machu Picchu Tickets
To enter Machu Picchu, you’ll need to purchase a ticket in advance. There are a few different types of tickets available, including entrance tickets to Machu Picchu only, and entrance tickets that include a hike up Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain. It’s important to purchase your tickets in advance, as the number of daily visitors is limited, and tickets can sell out quickly during peak season.
The new regulations of Machu Picchu have divided the citadel of Machu Picchu into 5 different circuits where the most required or the most popular are the Llaqta of Machu Picchu and circuit 1 and 2 which allow you to visit the guardian’s house from where you can take the postcard photo or the most famous photo of Machu Picchu.
Ways to access the Wonder of the World
There are three main ways to get there:
1 . Train to Aguas Calientes
The most common route is to take a train from Cusco to the town of Aguas Calientes, from where you can take a bus or walk up to the citadel.
2. Inca Trail
Another option is to hike the famous Inca Trail, an ancient network of Inca roads that leads to the citadel through mountains and Andean landscapes. This route usually takes 3 to 4 days of hiking.
3.Hike to Machu Picchu
Excursions If you prefer a more guided experience, there are also many hiking excursions available that include a guided visit to Machu Picchu. These excursions usually include a combination of hiking and sightseeing, and can range from simple day trips to multi-day adventures.
Best Time to Visit Machu Picchu
The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, which runs from May to October. During this time, the weather is generally dry and sunny, making it the ideal time for hiking and outdoor activities. The shoulder seasons of April and November are also good times to visit, as the crowds are smaller, and the weather is still relatively mild.
Climate and weather
The weather in Machu Picchu can be unpredictable, so it is important to bring appropriate clothing for all seasons. During the dry season, days can be warm and sunny, but nights can be cold. During the rainy season, which runs from November to April, the weather can be wet and cold, so it is important to bring waterproof clothing and warm clothes. The temperature in Machu Picchu also varies depending on the time of day and altitude, so it is important to be prepared for all conditions.
Machu Picchu Train Tickets
If hiking isn’t your thing, don’t worry! We offer alternative ways to visit Machu Picchu, including a bus or train. Our train option will take you directly from Cusco to Ollantaytambo by bus, and then from Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes (also known as Machu Picchu town) by train. From there, you’ll take a bus to the entrance of Machu Picchu and begin your tour with a professional guide. We offer various train services, ranging from basic options like the Expedition or Voyager to more exclusive ones like the Belmont Hiran Bingham which offers a gourmet dining experience and live entertainment. Or the Vistadom with panoramic views. You can choose to complete this tour in one day or stay overnight in Aguas Calientes or Machu Picchu town for two days to fully experience the beauty of Machu Picchu. Let us help you plan your trip to Machu Picchu today!
Machu Picchu Hotels and Accommodations
There are several accommodation options available in Aguas Calientes, the town at the base of Machu Picchu. These range from budget-friendly hostels to luxury hotels, so there’s something to suit every budget and taste. It’s important to book your accommodation in advance, especially during peak season, as availability can be limited.
Guided tours to one of the Seven Wonders
If you are interested in learning more about the history and culture of Machu Picchu, hiring a guide is an excellent option. There are several Machu Picchu guide services available that can provide you with valuable information and insight into the site. It is also a great way to support the local economy and learn about the local culture.
Machu Picchu Inca Trail
The Inca Trail leading to Machu Picchu is among the most renowned routes in the world. The tour begins in the captivating city of Cusco, where a vehicle will transport you to Ollantaytambo and then to kilometer 82 or Piscacucho, the starting point of the hike. This delightful journey spans four days, during which you’ll visit remarkably preserved Inca cities with a knowledgeable guide to explain the events and details of each archaeological site.
The first day involves visiting Inca cities such as Patallacta and Willkaraqay and spending the night in Wayllabamba. The second day is physically demanding, requiring you to walk approximately 9 km or 6 to 8 hours of walking, depending on your physical condition. This day includes a steep ascent from 3000 m to 4200 m and then a descent to 3600 m, where you’ll reach the Pacaymayo camp.
The third day is the longest but also the most stunning. You’ll explore several archaeological sites and delve into the cloud forest, where you’ll have a chance to view various orchids, birds, hawks, eagles, and, if you’re fortunate, perhaps even the elusive condor or spectacled bear. On this day, you’ll visit Phuyupatamarka, Sayaqmarka, Qoncha Marka, Intipata, and Wiñaywayna, all of which are superbly preserved Inca cities with distinct characteristics to explore and admire.
On the fourth day, you’ll set out from Wiñaywayna very early and head straight to the Sun Gate or Inti Punku. From there, you’ll have a breathtaking view of the entire citadel of Machu Picchu. Then you’ll explore the Inca city of Machu Picchu and have the opportunity to visit the postcard photo point, where you can capture as many photos as you desire. This is an experience that you should not miss!
Machu Picchu Altitude Sickness
If you’re planning to visit Cusco, altitude sickness is a common issue, especially for those coming from sea level. Acclimatization is key, and we recommend spending at least 3 days in Cusco or other similar altitudes before embarking on treks such as the Rainbow Mountain of Colors, the Salkantay hike, Ausangate hike, or the Inca Trail. This way, your body can adjust to the altitude and you can enjoy these hikes with ease. However, if you’ve already been to Cusco at a higher altitude, you’ll likely have no issues at Machu Picchu, which sits at 2400 m above sea level. This stunning site is located in the eyebrow of the jungle, amidst breathtaking cloud forests and mountains. To help with the symptoms of altitude sickness, we offer a welcome drink of coca tea in Cusco, which can alleviate headaches and dizziness. ¡Plan ahead for a safe and enjoyable trip to this magnificent region! It’s also important to stay hydrated and avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can exacerbate altitude sickness.
conclusion
It is one of those places you cannot miss because of all the wonders it has to offer. Everything you see will leave you spellbound. We must also protect everything around us so that it can be preserved and endure for future generations. In this way, they will be able to feel proud of their culture. Customs and traditions are things that should never be forgotten.
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